Digestion and absorption Jaundice liver affected, skin plus eyes becomes yellow bile pigments deposited Vomiting is controlled by the medulla and nausea is followed by vomiting Diarrhea liquid fecal discharge, reduced absorption of food Constipation feces retained within the rectum Indigestion Due to inadequate enzyme secretion Overeating and spicy food Breathing and exchange of gases Inflammation of bronchi and bronchiole, difficulty in breathing Emphysema Alveolar walls damaged, smoker’s disease, the major cause is cigarette smoking Occupational respiratory disorders long exposure to particulate matter causes inflammation of alveoli, and leads to fibrosis, eg: Silicosis & Asbestosis Body fluids and circulatory system Hypertension blood pressure is higher than normal [140/ 90 mmHg or higher] Normal blood pressure range 120/80 mmHg Hypotension blood pressure is lower than normal [100/ 70 mmHg or lesser] Coronary heart disease : it is al